- to be
- present simple
- [+] I am , you are , he/she/it is , we/you/they are
- I 'm , you 're , he/she/it 's , we/you/they 're
- [-] I am not , you are not , he/she/it is not , we/you/they are not
- I 'm not , you aren't , he/she/it isn't , we/you/they aren't
- [?] am I, are you, is he/she/it, are we/you/they
- [?-] aren't I, aren't you, isn't he/she/it, aren't we/you/they
- past simple
- [+] I was , you were , he/she/it was , we/you/they were
- [-] I was not , you were not , he/she/it was not , we/you/they were not
- I wasn't , you weren't , he/she/it wasn't , we/you/they weren't
- [?] was I, were you, was he/she/it, were we/you/they
- [?-] wasn't I, weren't you, wasn't he/she/it, weren't we/you/they
- past participle
- been
- present simple
- to have
- present simple
- [+] I/you have , he/she/it has , we/you/they have
- I/you 've got , he/she/it 's got , we/you/they 've got
- [-] I/you do not have , he/she/it does not have , we/you/they do not have
- I/you don't have , he/she/it doesn't have , we/you/they don't have
- I/you haven't got , he/she/it hasn't got , we/you/they haven't got
- [?] do I/you have, does he/she/it have , do we/you/they have
- have I/you got , has he/she/it got , have we/you/they got
- [?-] don't I/you have , doesn't he/she/it have
- haven't I/you got , hasn't he/she/it got , haven't we/you/they got
- past simple
- [+] I/you/he/she/it/we/you/they had
- [-] subject + did not have
- subject + didn't have
- subject + had not
- subject + hadn't
- [?] did + subject + have
- had + subject + got
- [?-] didn't + subject + have
- hadn't + subject + got
- past participle
- simple present + had
- present simple
- conjugations
- infinitive
- to + verb
- perfect infinitive
- to have + past participle
- gerund
- verb + ing
- perfect gerund
- having + past participle
- imperative
- [+ IIsp] verb !
- [+ Ip,IIIp] let + personal pronoum + verb !
- [-] don't + [+]
- past participle
- [reg] verb + ed | d | ied
- [irr] see table
- present simple
- use the present simple for things you do every day / week / year
- use the auxiliary in short answers (ex: Yes, I do)
- [+ Isp,IIsp] verb
- [+ IIIs] verb + s | es | ies
- [- Isp,IIsp] do + not + verb
- don't + verb
- [- IIIs] does + not + verb
- doesn't + verb
- [?] do/does + subject + verb
- [?-] don't/doesn't + subject + verb
- present continuous
- use the present continuous for things happening now / at the moment
- use the present continuous (+ a future time expression) to talk about future arrangements
- [+] subject + to be simple present + gerund
- [-] subject + to be simple present + not + gerund
- [?] to be simple present + subject + gerund
- [?-] isn't/aren't + subject + gerund
- present perfect
- use the present perfect to talk generally about past experiences in your life. You don't say exactly when they happened.
- [+] subject + have/has ('ve/'s) + past participle
- subject + 've/'s + past participle
- [-] subject + have/has + not + past participle
- subject + haven't/hasn't + past participle
- [?] have/has + subject + past participle
- [?-] haven't/hasn't + subject + past participle
- present perfect continuous
- [+] subject + have/has + been + gerund
- subject + 've/'s + been + gerund
- [?] have/has + subject + been + gerund
- past simple
- use the past simple to talk about finished actions in the past
- the past simple is the same for all persons
- [+ reg] subject + verb + ed
- [-] subject + did + not + verb
- subject + didn't + verb
- [?] did + subject + verb
- [?-] didn't + subject + verb
- past continuous
- use the past continuous to describe an action in progress at a specific time in the past
- use the past continuous to describe the scene at the beginning of a story
- [+] subject + was/were + gerund
- [-] subject + was/were + not + gerund
- subject + wasn't/weren't + gerund
- [?] was/were + subject + gerund
- [?-] wasn't/weren't + subject + gerund
- past perfect
- [+] subject + had + past participle
- subject + 'd + past participle
- [-] subject + had + not + past participle
- subject + hadn't + past participle
- [?] had + subject + past participle
- [?-] hadn't + subject + past participle
- past perfect continuous
- [+] subject + had + been + gerund
- subject + 'd + been + gerund
- [-] subject + had + not + been + gerund
- subject + hadn't + been + gerund
- [?] had + subject + been + gerund
- [?-] hadn't + subject + been + gerund
- future simple
- [+] subject + shall/will + verb
- subject + 'll + verb
- [-] subject + shall/will + not + verb
- subject + shan't/won't + verb
- [?] shall/will + subject + verb
- [?-] shan't/won't + subject + verb
- future continuous
- [+] subject + will + be + gerund
- subject + 'll + be + gerund
- [-] subject + will + not + be + gerund
- subject + won't + be + gerund
- [?] will + subject + be + gerund
- [?-] won't + subject + be + gerund
- future perfect
- [+] subject + will + have + past participle
- subject + 'll + have + past participle
- [-] subject + won't + have + past participle
- [?] will + subject + have + past participle
- [?-] won't + subject + have + past participle
- present conditional
- [+] subject + would + verb
- subject + 'd + verb
- [-] subject + would + not + verb
- subject + wouln't + verb
- [?] would + subject + verb
- [?-] wouldn't + subject + verb
- perfect conditional
- [+] subject + would + have + verb
- subject + 'd + have + verb
- [-] subject + would + not + have + verb
- subject + wouln't + have + verb
- [?] would + subject + have + verb
- [?-] wouldn't + subject + have + verb
- infinitive